Hardware and software on a computer
There are two parts.
Hardware is simply something that can be manipulated.
For example. : monitor mouse
It is also true that software is an intangible computer device.
A collection of programs is called software. Software is what a computer needs to do. It is also a set of instructions that tell you when to do it. A computer can do nothing without software, and a computer can do nothing without hardware.
There are two types of software.
1. application software
2. system software
application software
Application software is software that helps users to run applications.
system software
System software maintains the hardware to run and the application software to run.
And the computer only works with two digits. 0 and. 1 Also called binary number. Also called binary digit. The acronym is Bit.
A number A space bar. A text is called an 8 bit.
01010101 Now an 8-digit set of only 0's and 1's is called 8 bits, and 8 bits is equal to 1 byte.
1 bit (binary digit*) = the value of 0 or 1
8 bits = 1 byte
1024 bytes = 1 kilobyte
1024 kilobytes = 1 megabyte
1024 megabytes = 1 gigabyte
1024 gigabytes = 1 terabyte
1024 terabytes = 1 petabyte
Abbreviations
1 kilobyte = 1 k
1 megabyte = 1 MB
1 gigabyte = 1 GB
1 terabyte = 1 TB
1 petabyte = 1 PB
Size in "bytes"
Kilobyte (KB) = 1,024
Megabyte (MB) = 1,048,576
Gigabyte (GB) = 1,073,741,824
Terabyte (TB) = 1,099,511,627,776
Petabyte (PB) = 1,125,899,906,842,624
Computer History
In the past, computers were very difficult to define, but now computers are called by many different names. Many devices are now called computers, and the earliest computers were the Abacus. Pe Thee was the first calculator. Pea was first used in China.
In the Middle Ages, European mathematician and engineer Wilhelm Schickard built the first calculators in 1623, but today the device can no longer be called a computer because it is not programmed. In 1801, Joseph Marie Jacquard automated his loom using a Punched Paper Cards Series based on a textile loom. The result of Jacquard's loom was one of the reasons for the advent of the computer. In 1837 Charles Babbage began designing programmable mechanical computers. Named the Analytical Engine. By 1890, Herman Hollerith designed Tabulating Machines for large scale automated data processing capabilities for Punched Cards by the US Census. Computing Tabulating Recording Corporation (now IBM).
By the end of the 19th century, computers had become a useful tool. Computers have proved that people need them. This is because of the advent of Punched Card, Boolean Algebra, The Vacuum Tube (Thermionic Value) and Teleprinter. However, these computers are not programmable and do not include the specific capabilities of modern digital computers.
How a computer works
There are four main types of computers in general computing: arithmetic and logic units; Control unit; Memory Device and Input / Output (I / O). These components are connected by a series of wired buses.
Control Department
The central control unit (control unit, often called a control system or CPU), or CPU, guides the various components of a computer. It reads the program instructions line by line and interprets them. The control unit often jumps through these instructions on high-end computers to speed up the process.
The main control center is the program counter. The next instruction is a special repository Rajastar that notes where to put the snippet.
A sketch that reads the instructions from the control panel for the MIPS architecture
The functions of the control unit may differ from one CPU to another, but the basics are as follows.
Copy the instruction code that comes from the program counter.
Interpret this instruction code and act as commands or signals from other machines.
Raise one of the program counters to write a new instruction.
If you have instructions, read the information in the Memory Device section. Usually this room number is stored in the command code itself.
The instruction is to run the machine if it requires actions from ALU or special machines.
Save the answer from ALU to a memory device or print it out on a printer, such as a printer.
Return to Step 1.
Department of Arithmetic and Logic
Main articles: Arithmetic logic unit and ELU
The Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU), or ALU, performs two components of arithmetic and logic.
In arithmetic, the ALU uses the basics of addition, subtraction, and subtraction. Negative Multiplication Instead Performs trigonometric functions and square root. Some functions can be short-circuited by integers, while some functions can be shortened by floating point to real numbers. However It can be done by turning any computer, no matter how difficult the task, into easy steps.
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